Ku myaka 50 igihugu ca Kenya cikukiye ivy’ihirikwa ry’ubutegetsi bavyuma ahandi

Bamwe mu basomyi b’ikinyamakuru IGIHE, baradusavye ko twobabarira ubuzima bw’abagiye bararongora igihugu ca Kenya, n’uburyo bashitse ku butegetsi, mu gihe ico gihugu kimaze imyaka 50 kironse intahe y’ukwikukira, ariko kikaba kimaze gutwarwa n’abakuru b’igihugu bane.

Igihugu ca Kenya caronse intahe y’ukwikukira mu mwaka w’1963, ku wa 12 Kigarama. Kuri iryo genekerezo niho ibendera ry’igihugu c’Ubwongereza ryamanurwa, maze iry’igihugu ca Kenya riraduga ku mugaragaro, abanyakenya n’amakungu barorera, maze igihugu kiba kiraronse ubw’igenge. Muri ico gihugu ca Kenya rero ntikirigera na rimwe kibamwo itembagazwa ry’Ubutegetsi nk’uko vyagiye biraba mu Burundi.

Uwatanguye kurongora ico gihugu ca Kenya, ni Uhuru Kenyatta. Yavutse ku wa 20 Gitugutu umwaka w’1893, araheza yitaba Imana ku myaka 85 y’amavuko mu mwaka w’1978 i Mombassa aho nyene muri Kenya. Yatanguye kumenyekana kw’izina rya Kamau wa Ngengi, mu nyuma arabatizwa, yitwa John Peter Kamau, imbere y’uko yitwa kandi Johnstone Kamau, maze mu mwaka w’1938 araheza amenyekana kw’izina rya Jomo Kenyatta.

Amaze kwinjira muri poritike mu mwaka w’1924, Jomo Kenyatta ntiyorohewe rwose, kuko abari kw’isonga mu kurongora ico gihugu, ni ukuvuga abongereza, bamukurikiranira hagufi, bagakurikirana n’ibikorwa vyiwe. Inyuma y’imyaka mike, yaratawe muri yompi, azira ko yoba yarafasha umuhari wa Mau Mau mu mpisho mu kuwuha imfashanyo hamwe n’amakuru yo mu bongereza. Ico gihe yari apfunganywe na Daniel Arap Moi, yahavuye aba umukuru w’igihugu.

Bari mw’ibuye, barumvikanye ko hamwe bogira Imana bagasohoka amarembe nyabohero, Arap Moi azoheza akaba umukuru w’igihugu inyuma ya Kenyatta. Amaze kuva mu munyororo, Kenyatta yaciye aba umushikiranganji wa mbere, maze inyuma y’ukwikukira, aca aba umukuru w’ico gihugu gushika yitabe Imana. Azwi cane nko mubaharaniye ukwikukira kwa Kenya, eka ndetse akaba ari nawe umuvyeyi w’icivugo co muri ico gihugu ’’ Haraambee’’ ni kuvuga ’’Gukorera hamwe’’. Ikindi twobamenyesha, ni ukwo Jomo Kenyatta ari se wa Uhuru Kenyatta, umukuru w’igihugu w’ubu aho muri Kenya.

Daniel Arap Moi niwe yaciye asubirira Kenyatta amaze kuryamira ukuboko kw’abagabo nk’uko bari bavyumvikanye bakiri mw’ibuye. Arap Moi rero, akaba yavutse mu waka w’1924. Muri poritike akaba azwi nka murumuna wa Kenyatta. Arap Moi yari umwigisha kuva mu mwaka w’1946 gushika mu mwaka w’1955. Nivyo atari muri benshi bari bamaze kwiga aho mu gihugu ca Kenya muri ico gihe, afashijwe na Ronald Ngala barashinze umugambwe KADU ( Kenya African Democratic Union ). Amaze gushinga uyo mugambwe akaba yaciye agenwa kuba umushikiranganji w’indero inyuma gato y’ukwo ico gihugu cikukira.

Bamaze kwikukira, uyo mugambwe baciye bawuhindura, baja muri KANU ( Kenya African National Union) kugira bashobore gushigikira ivyiyumviro vya Jomo Kenyatta bose bari hamwe. Arap Moi rero akaba mu ndoto ziwe, kwari ugukura mu buja bw’ubukene abanyagihugu. Mu mwaka w’1967 yaragenywe kuba icegera c’umukuru w’igihugu, maze inyuma y’imyaka 11 gusa aca arasubirira Kenyatta yari ahejeje gushengera. Ku myaka 24 yatwaye igihugu ca Kenya, yarategura amatora, kandi akayatsinda. Akaba yayatsinze mu yabaye mu mwaka w’1983,1988,1992,1997. Mu mwaka w’2002, akaba yaciye aheba gusubira kwitoza, maze ararekera abandi baritoza.

Ubwa gatatu, Mwai Kibaki niwe yaciye atorwa n’abanyagihugu, araheza arongora Kenya imyaka 11.Yize ivy’ubutunzi muri kaminuza y’i Makelele mu gihugu c’Ubuganda. Bivugwa ko Kibaki yamye ari umuntu biboneka ko ari umurongozi, kuko yiga mu bindi bihugu ariwe yama arongora amashirahamwe y’abo bava hamwe. Kibaki mu vyo yagiye ararangura akaba, yarabaye umushingamateka wo mu mugambwe KANU, araba umushikiranganji w’ubudandaji, araba ndetse n’icegera c’umukuru w’igihugu mu mwaka w’1978 gushika mu mwaa w’1988. Mu gushika ku butegetsi, akaba yitavye amatora nk’abandi, ndetse araheza arayatsinda.

Kibaki akaba yashikiye mu rwuzuye, kuko gutwara we bisa n’aho bitamuvunye rwose. Icagiye kumwononera mu mpera z’uburongozi bw’iwe, akaba ari ubwicanyi bwakurikiye amatora yatsinze mu mwaka w’2007, maze haca hatangura ubwicanyi ndetse bwanahitanye abantu atari bake, abandi barahunga, mu gihe havugwa ko amatora muri ico gihugu yibwe, hakavugwa ko yoba yari yatsinzwe na Raila Odinga bahiganirwa ico kibanza.

Uhuru Kenyatta niwe agira kane, mu bamaze kurongora idihugu ca Kenya. Yashitse ku butegetsi atsinze amatora ariko bigoranye, kuko yayatsinze ku majwi 50,07 kw’ijana. Ayo matora akaba yari ashushe, ndetse akaba atanumwe yashobora kwibaza ko Uhuru yari kuyatsinda, uravye akariro kari gafise Raila Odinga, umwe mu vyegera vya Kibaki ico gihe, yari yitavye amatora nawe.

Ubu umukuru w’igihugu ca Kenya akaba afise umutahe uriko uramurondera muri sentare mpuzamakungu mpanavyaha y’i La Haye, aho yagirizwa kugira uruhara mu bwicanyi bwakurikiye inyuma y’amatora yo mu mwaka w’2007. Uhuru Kenyatta w’imyaka 52 y’amavuka akaba agira 4 mu bigeze kurongora Kenya. Ariko kubera uwo mutahe mpuzamakungu, hakaba hari inama zimwe zimwe mpuzamakungu adatumirwamwo ku bw’ivyo vyaha yagirizwa, aha tugatanga akarorero ku nama iherutse guhuza Ubufaransa n’Afrika, aho atabutumire yaronkejwe.